$\"\"$

The functions is $\"\"$ .

Graph:

Graph the fucnctions $\"\"$ :

$\"\"$

Observe the graph:

The graph of $\"\"$ represents a translation up or down of the parent graph.

The value of $\"\"$ is $\"\"$ and $\"\"$ , the translation is down.

Therefore, the graph is shifted down $\"\"$ units from the parent function.

$\"\"$

The graph is shifted down $\"\"$ units from the parent function.