(a)
\The trigonometric function
and
.
Find
.
Double-angle formula :
.
Reciprocal identity:
.
If
, then
.
Find the value of
.
Pythagorean identity:
.


.
(b)
\Find
.
Double-angle formula:
.
Substitute
.

(c) Find
.
Half-angle formula:
.
Substitute
.

Since
and
,
lies in the fourth quadrant.
, then
lies in the second quadrant.
Therefore,
is positive.
.
(d)
\Find
.
Half-angle formula:
.
Substitute
.

Here
,
is negative.
.
(a) The exact value of
.
(b) The exact value of
.
(c) The exact value of
.
(d) The exact value of
.