$\"\"$

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(a)

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The function is $\"\"$ , where $\"\"$ is constant.

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Differentiate the function with respect to $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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Apply power rule of derivatives : $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$ .

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Therefore, derivative of the function is $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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(b)

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The function is $\"\"$ , where $\"\"$ is constant.

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Differentiate the function with respect to $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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Apply formula : $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$ .

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Therefore, derivative of the function is $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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(c)

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The function is $\"\"$ .

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Take natural logarithm on each side.

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$\"\"$

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Differentiate the function with respect to $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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Therefore, derivative of the function is $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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(d)

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The function is $\"\"$ , where $\"\"$ is constant.

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Since $\"\"$ is a constant, $\"\"$ is also a constant.

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Consider $\"\"$ .

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Differentiate the function with respect to $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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Apply constant rule of derivatives : $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$ .

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Therefore, derivative of the function is $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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(a) $\"\"$ .

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(b) $\"\"$ .

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(c) $\"\"$ .

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(d) $\"\"$ .