$\"\"$

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(a)

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The fraction is $\"\"$ .

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Multiply the numarator and the denominator by $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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Apply algebric formula : $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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$\"\"$

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$\"\"$

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$\"\"$ .

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Thus, the simplified fraction is $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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(b)

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The fraction is $\"\"$ .

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Multiply the numarator and the denominator by $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$ \ \

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Apply algebric formula : $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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Apply pythagorean identity : $\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$

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$\"\"$

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Apply reciprocal identities : $\"\"$

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$\"\"$ .

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$\"\"$ . $\"\"$

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(a) The simplified fraction is $\"\"$ .

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(b) The simplified fraction is $\"\"$ .